Chapter+9.3+outline

__**Chapter 9.3 Outline**__ The Growth of European kingdoms I. England in the High middle ages A. King Alford the great untified many various kingdoms __in the late 19th Century__ 1. England was ruled by Anglo-saxons kings B. __William of Normandy__- landed on the coast of England and defeated king Aarold in the battle of Hastings to be crowned King 1. made all nobles show loyalty as the sole ruler of England 2. ruled the norman Anglo-saxon census known as the **__Domesday book__** a. the first census taken in Europe when Roman times started to include people, manors, and farm animals 4. developed taxation for royal courts C. Henry II 1. increased the number of crimical cases 2. expanded the **__royal court__**'s power a. founded in England under common law- (common to a whole kingdom) 3. claimed punishment on clergymen in the royal courts D. thomas & Becket- archibishop of centerbury and high-ranking in English cleric E. **__Magna Carta ( the great charter)- a federal document that gave written recognition to limit the monarch's power__** F. The Parliment 1. composed into two knights from every country a. 2 people from every town b. all nobles and bishops in England II. The French Kingdom A. Carolingian was divideed into three sections B. Philip II Augustus- ruled from 1180 to 1223 that made a turning point in the French Monarchy 1. waged war against **__England rulers__** 2. ruled Normandy, Maine, Anjou, and Aqiutaine 3. expanded the income of the French monarchy and Incread its power C. Philip IV ( Philip the fair) ruled from 1285 to 1314 1. strengthened French monarch by expanding the royal bureacracy 2. bought a French Parliment into being by meeting by representing **__estates__** (classes) a. clergy b. nobles c. townspeople and peasants III. The holy Roman Empire A. Saxons became kings of the Eastern Franklish Kingdom (Germany) B. Otto I- best-known Saxon king of England, who was crowned as emperor by Romans in 962 to protect the pope C. Frederick I- considered Italy as the as the center of a "holy Empire" hence 1. his atempts to conquer northern Italy led to serve problems a. pope opposed him, fearing that he wanted to include Rome and the papal states as part of his empire b. the cities of northern italy were also unwilling to become his subjects c. his forces was defeated by the pope and northern city-states D. Frederick II main goal was to establish an strong centralized state in Italy that also became involve in the stuggle with the pope and the northern Italian cities 1. wagged a bitter struggle in northern Italy, winning many battles but untimately losing the wart E. The struggle between popes and emperors had dire consquences for the Holy Roman empire 1. the German lords gained power and created their own independent kingdoms a. made the German monarchy weak and incapable of maintaining a strong monarchial state F. Germany and Italy did not have power over eachother anymore, which made them both become untified in the 19th Century IV. Central and Eastern Europe A. The slavic people divided into three groups 1. Western- formed the Polish and Bohmian kingdoms 2. Eastern- converted to the Orthodox Christanity by two Byzantine missionary brothers, __Cyrial and Methodius,__ 3. Southern- included the Croats, Serbs, and Bulgarians V. The Development of Russia A. Eastern Slavic people also settled in Ukiiaine and Russia 1. encountered the Swedish vikings B. Native Americans (viking rulers) dervived Russia C. Oleg, (one of the viking leaders), created the Rus state known as Kiev D. By marrying Slavic wifes, Viking ruling class was gradually assimiled into the Slavic population E. Vladimir ( one Rus ruler) married the Byzantine emperor's sister sister and officailly accepted Eastern Christanity for himself and his people in 988. F. Civil wars and new invasions brought an end to the first Russian state in 1169 G. Mongol s conquered russia by occupying its lands and required Russian princes to pay tribute to them H. Alexander Nevsky ( Prince of Novgorod), defeated a German invading army in northwestern Russia in 1242 I. The Khan (leader of the western Mongol Empire), rewarded Nevsky with the title of grand-prince 1. his descendants became princes of Moscow and eventually leaders of all of Russia