chapter+3.3+outline

chapter 3.3 outline I. The geography of china A. Huang He- Yellow river- streches 2,900 miles across china B. Chang Jiang-yangtze river- streches 3,400 miles across china II. The shang dynasty A. Historians dated the beginings of chinese civilization to find the xia dynasty over 4,000 years ago B. shang dynasty (1750 to 1120 B.C.) a farming society ruled by aristocracy's C. aristocracy's- upper-class wealth based on land and power passed down from generation D. the Shang King realm was divided into territories governed by aristocratic warlocks (military leaders) 1. responsible for defending the realm and controlling large armies E. Chinese Kings were buried with the carpses of their servants in the royal tombs F. shane dynasty included a small number of merchants, artisans, and slaves G.Chinese had a stonge belief in life after death 1. wanted to provided compansions for the kings and members of his family to thier journey to a new world H. ancestors- "ancestor worship" I. the shang are best rembered for their mastry of the art of bronze casting 1. objects found in tombs in urban centers throughout the shang influence III. __The Zhou Dynasty__ A. lasted for almost 900 years ( 1112 to 256 B.C.) 1. longest lasting dynasty in the world 2. __claimed that it ruled china because it possessed the mandate of heaven__ a. kept order in the universe B. Dao ("way") the key to proper behavior under confuscianism 1. duty was to keep the gods pleased in order to protect the people from nature diaster C. The Zhou Dynasty 1. divided into several small territorries 2. fell following the civl war- begining "Period of the warring states" D. Cavalry were armed with crossbows E. Peasants worked on lands owned by their lords F. class of artisans and mercants lived in walled towns under the direct control of the local lord G. Irrigation was used in rivers and fields H. Food production increased I. Iron plows were Developed J. __**Silk- was on of the most important trades in Ancient China**__ K. Filial piety- duty of family members to a male head of a family L. Male Supremacy- was on of the key elements in the social system in ancient china M. Men were warriors, scholars, and government ministers to govern their society N. Women raised children and worked at home O. Pictographs- picture symbols, ( characters) that repesent an object of an picture IV. The Chinese Philosophies A. Confucius believed that government should be open to all men of superoir talent 1. became a crucial part of chinese history after his death B. 3 schools that taught the nature of human beings and the universe 1. Confucianism 2. Daoism 3. Legalism C. Confucius- known from chinese as the first teacher (master Kung) that was born in 551 B.C. 1. had little sucess in finding a patron 2. traveled around china in an attempt to persuade politics leaders to follow his ideas D. confucianism- the system of confucian ideas E. Duty and Humanity are two elements that stands out of Confucian view F. Confucius died in 479 B.C. G. Daoism- a system of ideas based on the teachings of Laozi(cold master) 1. his point of view was that people should act spontaneously and let nature take it's courses in Harmony H. Legalism- a popular philosophy developed in china 1. proposed that human beings were evil and nature 2. referred to as the "school of law" 3. believed that a strong ruler was required to create an orderly society