chaper+4.1+outline

__Chapter 4.1 Outline__ I. The Impact of Geography A. Greeks mountains and seacoasts was a big influence in greek history 1. consisteded on small plains and river valleys surrounded by high mountain ranges a. caused different greek __commitees__ to develope their own way of life 1. became fiercelly independent 2. encouraged people to participate in political affairs B. The Greeks 1. lived on a number of islands to the west, south, and east of their mainland 2. became seafarers a. sailed out into the Aegean, mediterrean, and the Black sea 3. established colonies that spread through civilizationn thoughout the mediterrean world II. The Minoan civilization A. made Bronze Age metals that was established in crete- home of the __Minoan civilization__ 1. flourished between 2000 and 1450 B.C. 2. discovered by an english archoelogists named Arthur Evans B. Knosses- central city in the Minoan civilization based on trade C. historians believed that the reason the minoan civilization collasped was because of a tital wave or the Myceans destroyed it. III. Mycenae- a fortified site in greece that was discovered by Heinrich Schliemann 1. flourished between 1600 and 1100 B.C. B. Thycenanean greeks- part of the Indo-European family of people who spread into southern and western Europe, India, and Iran C. The civilization was made up of powerful monsrchies D. Tholos tombs was where members of the royal families were buried on hillsides. E. Mycenaeans- warrior people who prided themselves on their herodic deeds in battle F. Pottery was founded throughout the mediterrean area G. Homer was a famous poet who wrote the Illiad 1. believed that greeks sacked the city of Troy H. Mycenaean civilization collasped in 1100 B.C. by an earthquake IV. The Greeks in the Dark Age A. Greece population declined and food production decreased B. large number of Greeks left and sailed across the Aegean sea. C. Many Greeks went to Ionia- the western shores of Asian Minor D. The Aeolian and Dorians Greeks settled and established the different parts of Greece E. Iron replaced bronze weapons in the construction of weapons F. farming tools helped revese the decline of food population G. The Greeks adopted the Phoenican alphabet to create a new system of writing in the 18th century H. The Iliad and the Odyssey were the first epic poems in early Greece that is passed down from generation I. An __**Epic Poem**__ is a long poem that tells the deeds of two great hero's J. Homer used stories of the Trojan war to compose the Iliad and the Odyssey K. Greeks and Troy fough against each other L. **__Achiles- is the Greek hero from the Illiad and the Odyssey__** a. gave the Greeks an ideal past with a cast of hero's M. Values of Homer taught courage, honor, and excellence N. Arete- is a win in a struggle or contest